Nusantara Journal of Behavioral and Social Science

Socio-Psychological Predictors of Suicidal Ideation among Young Adults in Oyo State, Nigeria

David. A Adeyemo — 2024-08-24

This study examined the socio-psychological predictors of suicidal ideation among young adults in Oyo state. Simple random sampling technique was employed in the selection of 288 young adults between 20 and 40 years. Participants responded to standardized self-report measures regarding bio-demographic data, emotional intelligence, self-esteem, social support, anxiety, depression, social economic status and suicidal ideation. Descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment Correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The result demonstrated that emotional intelligence, self-esteem, social support and socio-economic status had significant negative relationship with suicidal ideation. However, anxiety and depression had significant positive relationship with the criterion measure. The relationship between gender and the criterion measure was not significant. The independent variables accounted for 39.8% of the variance of suicidal ideation. On the basis of the findings, it is suggested that psychological interventions can be applied in reducing suicidal ideation.

The effectiveness of self-management training to improve the discipline of students during post covid-19 pandemic

M. Ulyaul Umam — 2024-08-24

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of self-management training in improving student discipline at the Tarbiyatul Muttaqin Islamic Boarding School post Covid-19 pandemic. Using an experimental design with a nonequivalent control group, ten students were divided into two groups: an experimental group that received self-management training and a control group that did not receive any intervention. The self-management training comprised four stages: self-monitoring, self-analysis, self-change, and self-maintenance. The primary instrument used was a validated discipline study questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test to compare pretest and posttest scores. The analysis showed a significant increase in discipline scores in the experimental group after receiving self-management training. All participants experienced an increase in discipline. This study demonstrates that self-management training effectively improves student discipline through the processes of monitoring, analysis, change, and maintenance. These findings align with previous research showing the effectiveness of self-management training in enhancing student discipline. Practical implications suggest that self-management training can be implemented in Islamic boarding schools to address common disciplinary issues such as tardiness and failure to complete assignments. It is recommended that the positive outcomes from this research be further developed and applied in various educational contexts to enhance student discipline and academic performance. Further research with larger samples and randomized designs is needed to strengthen these findings.

Exploring the Relationship Between Parenting Styles and Callous-Unemotional Traits in Early Adolescents

Artika Adi Prasetiani — 2024-08-24

This study aims to evaluate the tendency of Callous-Unemotional (CU) traits in early adolescents based on their perceptions of parental parenting styles, specifically authoritarian, democratic, and permissive. The study employs a comparative method with a cross-sectional design. The sample comprises 236 middle school students in Pati Regency, selected using cluster random sampling. Data were collected using two scales: the Callous Unemotional Traits scale and the Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ), both of which have been validated for reliability. The results indicate significant differences in CU traits among adolescents based on the type of parenting style (p less than 0.05). Adolescents with authoritarian parenting tend to exhibit higher CU traits compared to those with democratic and permissive parenting styles. Democratic parenting generally results in lower CU traits, while permissive parenting shows varied outcomes. These findings support Baumrind's theory, which suggests that authoritarian parenting, characterized by strict control and lack of freedom, can hinder children's emotional and social development. The practical implications of this study highlight the importance of developing effective parenting strategies by parents and educators to reduce the tendency of CU traits in adolescents. Future research is recommended to involve larger and more diverse samples and to utilize a longitudinal design to better understand the development of CU traits over time.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kecenderungan sifat Callous-Unemotional (CU) pada remaja awal berdasarkan persepsi mereka terhadap pola asuh orang tua, yaitu otoriter, demokratis, dan permisif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode komparatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel terdiri dari 236 siswa SMP di Kabupaten Pati yang dipilih menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan dua skala: Skala Callous Unemotional Traits dan Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ), yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam kecenderungan CU Traits pada remaja berdasarkan tipe pola asuh orang tua (p kurang dari 0,05). Remaja dengan pola asuh otoriter menunjukkan kecenderungan CU Traits yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan remaja yang mendapatkan pola asuh demokratis dan permisif. Pola asuh demokratis cenderung menghasilkan remaja dengan CU Traits yang lebih rendah, sementara pola asuh permisif menunjukkan hasil yang bervariasi. Temuan ini mendukung teori Baumrind yang menyatakan bahwa pola asuh otoriter yang ditandai dengan kontrol yang ketat dan kurangnya kebebasan dapat menghambat perkembangan emosional dan sosial anak. Implikasi praktis dari penelitian ini adalah pentingnya pengembangan strategi pengasuhan yang efektif oleh orang tua dan pendidik untuk mengurangi kecenderungan CU Traits pada remaja. Penelitian selanjutnya direkomendasikan untuk melibatkan sampel yang lebih besar dan lebih beragam serta menggunakan desain longitudinal untuk memahami perkembangan CU Traits dari waktu ke waktu.

Addressing the Ethical and Legal Complexities in Elderly Care: A Study from India

Priya S. Dev — 2024-08-24

The elderly population in India is rapidly increasing, projected to rise from 138 million in 2021 to 194 million by 2031, a 41% increase (National Statistical Office, 2021). This growth presents significant socio-economic challenges, including healthcare costs and pension liabilities. This study explores the ethical and legal issues faced by elderly individuals, identifies barriers to accessing services, and examines attitudes limiting legal action. Using a literature review and conference participation, key findings indicate a lack of understanding of legal rights and distrust in their enforcement among the elderly. Many view the legal system as oppressive, deterring them from seeking legal remedies. High legal costs, technological barriers, and inadequate support services exacerbate these issues. Ethical concerns such as autonomy, informed consent, and equitable care highlight the need for clear guidelines to protect elderly rights. Recommendations include disseminating high-quality resources in multiple languages, leveraging media and teleconferencing for remote areas, and involving community organizations in advocacy. Establishing professional legal provisions tailored to the elderly is crucial to provide necessary guidance and support. The study contributes to existing literature by offering insights into the legal and ethical challenges in elderly care, particularly in developing countries like India. It emphasizes the need for policies and practices that support ethical decision-making and legal protections for the elderly. Future research should refine these strategies and explore additional measures to enhance the well-being and rights of elderly individuals.

The Role of Russian Federation Government Policy in Addressing the Impacts of Global Climate Change

Heinrich Rakuasa — 2024-08-24

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Russian Federation government's policies in addressing the impacts of global climate change. The methodology employed is a detailed literature review, which includes a thorough selection of credible sources and systematic data analysis. The main findings highlight the challenges Russia faces, such as reducing dependence on fossil fuels, managing political uncertainties, and enhancing environmental resilience. The study also examines the government's mitigation and adaptation strategies, including energy diversification, public awareness campaigns, and international collaboration. Key recommendations are provided to strengthen climate policies, invest in green technologies, and promote public and private sector participation. The conclusions emphasize the need for comprehensive policy evaluation and future planning to ensure sustainable development and effective climate action in Russia. Through these measures, Russia can significantly contribute to global efforts in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and adapting to climate change, thereby securing a sustainable future for its people and environment.

Abstrak: Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas kebijakan pemerintah Federasi Rusia dalam menangani dampak perubahan iklim global. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah tinjauan literatur yang mendetail, yang mencakup pemilihan sumber yang kredibel dan analisis data yang sistematis. Temuan utama menyoroti tantangan yang dihadapi Rusia, seperti mengurangi ketergantungan pada bahan bakar fosil, mengelola ketidakpastian politik, dan meningkatkan ketahanan lingkungan. Studi ini juga meneliti strategi mitigasi dan adaptasi pemerintah, termasuk diversifikasi energi, kampanye kesadaran publik, dan kerja sama internasional. Rekomendasi kunci disediakan untuk memperkuat kebijakan iklim, berinvestasi dalam teknologi hijau, dan mempromosikan partisipasi sektor publik dan swasta. Kesimpulan menekankan perlunya evaluasi kebijakan yang komprehensif dan perencanaan masa depan untuk memastikan pembangunan berkelanjutan dan aksi iklim yang efektif di Rusia. Melalui langkah-langkah ini, Rusia dapat secara signifikan berkontribusi pada upaya global dalam mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca dan beradaptasi terhadap perubahan iklim, sehingga memastikan masa depan yang berkelanjutan bagi rakyat dan lingkungannya.

Empowering Adolescents in the Digital Era: A Comprehensive Approach to Digital Well-being

Ditta Febrieta — 2024-08-24

The rapid proliferation of digital technologies has profoundly impacted adolescents, presenting both opportunities and challenges to their well-being. This study explores the concept of digital well-being among adolescents, focusing on the multidimensional nature of digital satisfaction, safe and responsible behavior, and overall digital health. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature, this research identifies key factors influencing digital well-being, such as gender differences, socioeconomic status (SES), and cultural background. The findings suggest that effective interventions must be tailored to account for these contextual factors. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and family-based interventions are highlighted as promising strategies, though their success may vary depending on cultural perceptions of digital technology and mental health. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of digital literacy as a protective factor, particularly for girls and low-SES adolescents who are more vulnerable to negative digital experiences. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on digital well-being by integrating these diverse factors into a cohesive framework. The practical implications for psychologists, educators, and policymakers are significant, offering actionable insights for developing targeted interventions to support adolescents in navigating the digital age. Further research is recommended to explore the nuanced effects of active versus passive technology use and to assess the effectiveness of various interventions across different cultural contexts.