Community Empowerment in Efforts to Prevent and Transmission of HIV/AIDS in Sidoarjo

HIV/AIDS is a disease that continues to grow and become a global problem that is sweeping the world. The prevalence of HIV cases according to WHO (2015) shows, the number of people with HIV numbered 17,325 people and AIDS was recorded at 1,238 people. Therefore, people need to know about HIV / AIDS and its dangers so as to be able to prevent the transmission of the disease properly, it is necessary to provide appropriate health education to overcome these problems. This community service activity aims to increase public knowledge about HIV / AIDS and the prevention and transmission of HIV / AIDS. The level of public knowledge is measured by conducting a pre-test by filling out a questionnaire before being given health education and post-test after being given health education. The level of mother's knowledge can be measured by comparing the results of pre-test and post-test. Based on the pre-test results followed by 50 respondents. The statistical test results obtained p = 0.001, meaning that there is a significant difference between public knowledge before and after being given health education about the prevention and transmission of HIV/AIDS. The results of community service are expected to improve the health status in the Jemirahan Village community, Jabon District, Sidoarjo Regency, especially for the prevention and transmission of HIV/AIDS.


INTRODUCTION
HIV / AIDS is a disease that continues to develop and has become a global problem that is sweeping the world. The prevalence of HIV cases according to WHO (2019) shows that the number of people with HIV was 17,325 and AIDS was recorded at 1,238. Every day around 6,300 people are infected with HIV, 700 people in children aged under 15 years, about 5,500 infections in adolescents/ young adults aged 15 years and over, namely 47% women, 39% adolescents aged 15-24 years (WHO, 2019). Based on 2013 WHO data, about 95% of people infected with HIV are from developing countries. In Indonesia, the number of HIV infections has increased from 2006 to 2013. The 2013 health profile states that the cumulative number of reported HIV infections was 118,787 people (Kementrian Kesehatan, 2019). East Java Province, the Ministry of Health showed 15,273 cases. The data obtained by researchers from the Sidoarjo District Health Office found 2,361 HIV / AIDS sufferers (Dinas Kesehatan, 2018).
Based on a preliminary survey conducted in the village community Jemirahan said that they did not know about HIV / AIDS Prevention and Transmission.
According to Amirudin (2012), knowledge about HIV / AIDS is very important for society because knowledge is one of the predisposing factors that influence society in how to detect HIV disease early. The public's lack of understanding about early detection of HIV disease should be a major concern because this will lead to the emergence of a wider spread of infectious diseases. Apart from the public's ignorance of the condition of people with HIV/ AIDS, what is important to note is that with the community's ignorance, making an HIV/AIDS test should be carried out early on by the community.
This HIV / AIDS disease begins with a skin disease that does not heal, has experienced a drastic weight loss that has never been experienced in his medical history, has a cold and occurs in the long term and recurs, and to find out more the community can carry out laboratory examinations. To confirm the suspicion of the patient, laboratory tests will then produce data on whether the patient is HIV positive or not, and the last is through VCT (Amirudin, 2012).
One of the preventive measures to prevent and transmit HIV/AIDS is to provide education to the public. This has been investigated by Wardani (2020), which revealed that through health education there was a change in risky sexual behavior that led to the incidence of HIV/AIDS.
The importance of knowledge about HIV/AIDS both how to prevent and how it is transmitted and the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS sufferers motivated the author to carry out community service in Jemirahan village.

General Description of Target Communities
Jemirahan Village is one of the villages located in Jabon District, Sidoarjo Regency, East Java Province.
Based on a preliminary survey conducted on the community said they did not know about the prevention and transmission of HIV / AIDS, therefore, with community service activities regarding community empowerment in efforts to prevent and transmit HIV / AIDS, it is hoped that the community can better understand the concept so that it can increase knowledge about this.

RESEARCH DESIGN
The method of implementation in community service programs through health education to the community in Jemirahan Village, Jabon Sidoarjo District is through 3 (three) stages, namely: 1. Pre-Activities 1) Implementation Strategy Meeting 2) Survey of community service places 3) Preparation of facilities and infrastructure

Implementation of Activities
The target of the activity is the people living in the village of Jemirahan, Jabon District, Sidoarjo Regency. The distribution of the implementation is as follows: 1) Health education about disease, prevention and transmission of HIV/ AIDS.

2) Pre test and post test
The pre test was conducted to determine the level of public knowledge about the disease, prevention and transmission of HIV/ AIDS. This activity is carried out before the presentation by the speaker.
Post test was conducted to determine the level of mother's knowledge about disease, HIV/ AIDS prevention and transmission after receiving health education. The pre-test and post-test activities were carried out to find out an increase in knowledge from before and after getting the socialization.

Post-Activities
This stage is carried out by evaluating and preparing activity reports. The evaluation instrument used was a questionnaire. The assessment indicators cover the following aspects: 1) Knowledge of HIV/ AIDS.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The community service that was carried out in Jemirahan Village, Jabon Sidoarjo District was attended by 50 participants, while the results obtained included:

Distribution of participants
Health education participants are people who live around Jemirahan Village, Jabon Sidoarjo District. Based on Table 1 above, information is obtained that the majority of community service participants are male (62%). Information is obtained that the participants have the majority of characteristics age 30-39 years with a total of 25 people (50%).

The level of knowledge of participants about HIV / AIDS
The level of knowledge of participants was measured by a questionnaire before (pretest) and after (post test) counseling. Based on table 2 above, the pre-test and post-test of health education which were attended by 50 participants, it can be stated that the pre-test results of 32% of respondents who know about HIV / AIDS, while the post-test results were obtained as much as 82%, so it can be concluded that there is an increase in knowledge Based on table 3, the pre-test and post-test counseling which was followed by 50 respondents, it can be stated that the pre-test results were about 8 participants who knew about the prevention and transmission of HIV / AIDS (16%), while the results of the post-test were 35 participants (70%).

The level of knowledge of participants about HIV / AIDS Prevention and Transmission
Judging from the pre-test results, most of the people did not know about the prevention and transmission of HIV / AIDS. However, after health education was carried out, the results of the post test most of the people understood about the prevention and transmission of HIV / AIDS. It can be concluded that there is an increase in people's knowledge because the post-test score is higher than the pre-test score. The statistical test results obtained p value = 0.001, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between public knowledge before and after the intervention of health education about HIV / AIDS.

DISCUSSION
The results of community service in the form of providing education in community empowerment in efforts to prevent and transmit HIV/AIDS in Sidoarjo have resulted in changes in community knowledge for the better. This is in line with the research conducted by Wardani, et al (2021), where the results of research with statistical tests were obtained p = 0.001, meaning that there was a significant difference between public knowledge before and after being given health education using webinars.
In the theory of the Health Belief Model (Wulandari, 2016) it is explained that the positive perception of preventive behavior (perceived benefits) is an individual's assessment of the benefits obtained by adopting the recommended health behavior. A person will feel that the action can provide many benefits if he thinks it can reduce the possibility he can suffer from the disease (susceptibility) and the seriousness of the impact of the disease on his life.
The availability of health facilities and infrastructure is a consideration in choosing health service facilities. Wibawati (2014) said that the availability of facilities and infrastructure to support health is one component of health promotion in the community. The availability of facilities and infrastructure can be seen directly around the community so that they choose it as an alternative to treatment.
Education to the community is important as an effort to prevent and transmit HIV/AIDS because with good and regular education it increases people's knowledge so that with good public awareness, HIV/AIDS transmission can be prevented.

CONCLUSSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Community service activities in the form of education regarding HIV/AIDS prevention and transmission efforts to the people of Jemirahan Village are running smoothly and the community is very enthusiastic and active in providing reciprocal responses to activity implementers by asking questions about HIV/AIDS prevention and transmission.
Community empowerment efforts through health education can be given to increase knowledge about prevention with A, B, C, D, E (abstinence, loyalty, condoms, not using drugs, education) and HIV/AIDS transmission.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The success of health promotion activities on "Community Empowerment in Efforts to Prevent and Transmission of HIV / AIDS in Jemirahan Village, Jabon District, Sidoarjo Regency" which is packaged in the form of community service will not be successful if it is not supported by all parties. For this reason, we as a community service team would like to thank: a) LPPM for providing moral and material assistance so that this activity can be carried out well, b) Lecturer Team and students involved who have worked hard for the implementation of community service activities in the form of health education, and c) Jemirahan Village Community, Jabon District, Sidoarjo Regency.