Regional Development Planning and Policy in the Aspects of Vulnerability and Disaster Resilient Cities: A Review
Abstract
Disaster management in the world has undergone a paradigm change that is from responsive to preventive, from sectoral to multi-sector, from government responsibility solely to joint responsibility, centralization to decentralization and from emergency response to disaster risk reduction. Based on 6 directives of the President of the Republic of Indonesia delivered during the Rakornas PB (Disaster Management) at surabaya, February 2, 2019 one of which is "Regional development planning must be based on aspects of DRR (Disaster Risk Reduction)". Disaster risk-based regional development planning aims to reduce the impact of disaster risk including, threats, vulnerabilities, and capacity. Vulnerability assessment in areas that have the potential to experience disaster events is one of the important factors that must be reviewed in disaster mitigation efforts. Vulnerability assessment with the concept of data from wisdom allows local policymakers to recognize their specific situation in the broader context of a similar situation, providing regional perspectives and important connections between regions. Based on the efforts that have been integrated between the program into city spatial planning, it is hoped that it can increase the resilience of the City in facing disasters and adapt to climate change.
Abstrak: Penanggulangan bencana di dunia telah mengalami perubahan paradigma yaitu dari responsif menjadi preventif, dari sektoral menjadi multi sektor, dari tanggung jawab pemerintah semata menjadi tanggung jawab bersama, sentralisasi menjadi desentralisasi dan dari tanggap darurat menjadi pengurangan risiko bencana. Berdasarkan 6 arahan Presiden Republik Indonesia yang disampaikan pada saat Rakornas PB (Penanggulangan Bencana) di surabaya, 2 Februari 2019 salah satunya adalah "Perencanaan pembangunan daerah harus berbasis pada aspek PRB (Pengurangan Resiko Bencana)". Perencanaan pembangunan daerah berbasis risiko bencana bertujuan untuk mengurangi dampak risiko bencana yang meliputi, ancaman, kerentanan, dan kapasitas. Penilaian kerentanan pada wilayah yang berpotensi mengalami kejadian bencana merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang harus dikaji dalam upaya mitigasi bencana. Penilaian kerentanan dengan konsep data dari kearifan memungkinkan para pembuat kebijakan lokal untuk mengenali situasi spesifik mereka dalam konteks yang lebih luas dari situasi yang sama, memberikan perspektif regional dan hubungan penting antar wilayah. Berdasarkan upaya yang telah diintegrasikan antara program tersebut ke dalam perencanaan tata ruang kota, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan ketangguhan Kota dalam menghadapi bencana dan beradaptasi terhadap perubahan iklim.
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de Loyola Hummell, B. M., Cutter, S. L., & Emrich, C. T. (2016). Social Vulnerability to Natural Hazards in Brazil. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 7(2), 111–122. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13753-016-0090-9
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Latue, P. C., & Rakuasa, H. (2032). Identification of Flood-Prone Areas Using the Topographic Wetness Index Method in Fena Leisela District, Buru Regency. Journal Basic Science and Technology, 12(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35335/jbst.v12i1.3673
Latue, P. C., Manakane, S. E., & Rakuasa, H. (2023). Analisis Perkembangan Kepadatan Permukiman di Kota Ambon Tahun 2013 dan 2023 Menggunakan Metode Kernel Density. Blend Sains Jurnal Teknik, 2(1), 26–34. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.56211/blendsains.v2i1.272
Latue, P. C., Sihasale, D. A., & Rakuasa, H. (2023). Pemetaan Daerah Potensi Longsor di Kecamatan Leihitu Barat, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah, Menggunakan Metode Slope Morphology (SMORPH). INSOLOGI: Jurnal Sains Dan Teknologi, 2(3), 486–495. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55123/insologi.v2i3.1912
Latue, P. C., Manakane, S. E., & Rakuasa, H. (2023). Policy Review and Regional Development in Disaster Mitigation (Case Study: 2004 Aceh Tsunami and 2011 T?hoku Tsunami). International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science, 1(03), 288–301. https://doi.org/10.59653/ijmars.v1i03.165
Ma’arif, Syamsul, dan Hizbaron. (2015). Strategi Menuju Masyarakat Tangguh Bencana dalam Perspektif Sosial. Gadjah Mada University Press.
Manakane, S. E., Latue, P. C., & Rakuasa, H. (2023). Identifikasi Daerah Rawan Longsor Di DAS Wai Batu Gajah, Kota Ambon Menggunakan Metode Slope Morphology Dan Indeks Storie. Gudang Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu, 1(1), 29–36.
Manandhar, R., & Siebeneck, L. K. (2021). Information management and the return-entry process: Examining information needs, sources, and strategies after Superstorm Sandy. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 53, 102015. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.102015
Muin, A., & Rakuasa, H. (2023a). Evaluasi Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kota Ambon Berdasarkan Aspek Kerawanan Banjir. ULIL ALBAB?: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 2(5), 1727–1738. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.56799/jim.v2i5.1485
Muin, A., & Rakuasa, H. (2023b). Pemanfaat Geographic Artificial Intelligence (Geo-AI) Untuk Identifikasi Daerah Rawan Banjir Di Kota Ambon. Gudang Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu, 1(2), 58-63. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.59435/gjmi.v1i2.24
Muin, A., & Rakuasa, H. (2023c). Pemetaan Daerah Rawan Banjir di Desa Lokki Kecamatan Huamual Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat. Gudang Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu, 1(2), 47–52. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.59435/gjmi.v1i2.22
Muin, A., & Rakuasa, H. (2023). Sasi Laut as a Culture of Natural Resources Conservation to Overcome the Tragedy of the Commons in Maluku Province. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science, 1(03), 277–287. https://doi.org/10.59653/ijmars.v1i03.139
Oktari, R. S., Munadi, K., Idroes, R., & Sofyan, H. (2020). Knowledge management practices in disaster management: Systematic review. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 51, 101881. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101881
Pakniany, Y., Tiwery, W. Y., & Rakuasa, H. (2022). Mitigasi Bencana Gempa Bumi Berbasis Kearifan Lokal di Desa Nuwewang Kecamatan Pulau Letti Kabupaten Maluku Barat Daya. Dialektika: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Dan Ilmu Sosial, 15(1), 1–7.
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Authors
Latue, T., Latue, P. C., Sihasale, D. A., & Rakuasa, H. (2023). Regional Development Planning and Policy in the Aspects of Vulnerability and Disaster Resilient Cities: A Review. Nusantara Journal of Behavioral and Social Science, 2(3), 67–74. https://doi.org/10.47679/202333
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