Tinjauan Yuridis Kekerasan Seksual oleh Pelaku Penyandang Disabilitas: Dilema Perlindungan Korban dan Pertanggungjawaban Pidana [Juridical Review of Sexual Violence by Perpetrators with Disabilities: The Dilemma of Victim Protection and Criminal Responsibility]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47679/ib.20251164Keywords:
Kekerasan Seksual, Pertanggungjawaban Pidana, Penyandang DisabilitasAbstract
Penelitian ini membahas problematika penerapan hukum pidana terhadap pelaku tindak pidana kekerasan seksual yang merupakan penyandang disabilitas, khususnya disabilitas mental. Fokus utama terletak pada dilema antara perlindungan hak korban dan hak rehabilitasi pelaku dalam kerangka hukum nasional, terutama setelah berlakunya Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 tentang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual (UU TPKS). Meskipun UU TPKS telah memberikan perlindungan yang kuat bagi korban, regulasi ini belum mengatur secara spesifik penanganan pelaku penyandang disabilitas, sehingga menimbulkan kekosongan hukum. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil kajian menunjukkan perlunya penguatan regulasi dan integrasi dengan KUHP baru yang mengedepankan keadilan restoratif. Selain itu, diperlukan keterlibatan ahli kejiwaan dalam proses peradilan serta pembaruan kebijakan yang menjamin perlindungan dan kesetaraan hak bagi semua pihak. Dengan demikian, sistem hukum pidana diharapkan dapat menjawab kompleksitas kasus kekerasan seksual yang melibatkan pelaku penyandang disabilitas secara adil dan berkeadilan.
Abstract. This study explores the legal challenges in addressing sexual violence committed by perpetrators with disabilities, particularly those with mental disabilities. The central issue lies in the dilemma between protecting victims' rights and ensuring the rehabilitation rights of disabled offenders within the national legal framework, especially following the enactment of Law Number 12 of 2022 concerning Sexual Violence Crimes (UU TPKS). Although the UU TPKS provides strong protection for victims, it lacks specific provisions for handling offenders with disabilities, resulting in a legal vacuum. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings highlight the urgency of regulatory reform and the integration of restorative justice principles as introduced in the new Criminal Code (KUHP). Furthermore, the involvement of psychiatric experts in the judicial process and the formulation of policies that guarantee equal protection and rights for all parties are essential. Consequently, the criminal justice system is expected to address the complexities of sexual violence cases involving disabled perpetrators in a fair and balanced manner.
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