How Proactive Teachers Become Committed: Work Engagement as a Key Mechanism in the Indonesian Education Context
(1) Ifna Ratrika Enggarsari Mail (Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia)
(2) * Olievia Prabandini Mulyana Mail (Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia)
*corresponding author

Abstract


In education, teachers play a role in carrying out their duties as an educator for the continuity of education. Based on data the percentage of teachers experiencing fatigue and turnover tends also be high. This study was conducted with the aim of empirically determining the relationship between Proactive Personality and Job Commitment with Works Engagement as a mediator. This study used a quantitative method with purposive sampling technique and involved 112 elementary school teachers as the research sample. Three primary scales were used in this study, Proactive Personality with the Proactive Personality Scale (PPS), Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ), and Work Engagement UWES-9 (Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-9). Mediation analysis was performed using Hayes 5.0 PROCESS Macro with bootstrapping was performed 10,000 times with a 95% confidence interval. The Result showed that proactive personality had a significant effect on job commitment with work engagement as a partial mediator (b = 0.31 and 95% significant with CI = 0.16, 0.51). Proactive personality had a significant effect on work engagement (b = 0.35 and p less than 0.001). Work engagement had a significant on job commitment (b = 0.89 and p less than 0.001). This study found that work engagement has a partial effect on the relationship between proactive personality and job commitment.


Keywords


Indonesia; Job Commitment; Proactive Personality; Sustainable Development Goals; Teacher; Work Engagement

   

DOI

https://doi.org/10.47679/jopp.8113812026 		      

Article metrics

Read: 269 | Download: 216

   

Cite

How to cite item
   

Full Text

Download

References


Badan Pusat Statistik. (2023). Wajah Pendidikan Indonesia: Menuju Pencapaian SDGs 4 Pendidikan Berkualitas. Jakarta: BPS. Retrieved November 10, 2025, from https://semarangkota.bps.go.id/id/news/2024/09/23/215/wajah-pendidikan-indonesia.html

Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands–resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273–285. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000056

Bakker, A. B., Tims, M., & Derks, D. (2012). Proactive personality and job performance: The role of job crafting and work engagement. Human Relations, 65(10), 1359–1378. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726712453471

Bateman, T. S., & Crant, J. M. (1993). The proactive component of organizational behavior: A measure and correlates. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14(2), 103–118. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030140202

Boeren, E. (2019). Understanding Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4 on “quality education” from micro, meso and macro perspectives. International Review of Education, 65(2), 277–294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-019-09772-7

Callea, A., Caracuzzo, E., Costanzi, M., & Urbini, F. (2022). Promoting Flow at Work through Proactive Personality: A Sequential Mediation Model with Evidence from Italian Employees. Sustainability, 14(5), 2477. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052477

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2023). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (6th edition). California: SAGE Publications.

Creswell, J. W., (2020). Pegantar Penelitian Mixed Methods. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Belajar.

Destiani, A. T., & Nurhayaty, E. (2024). Pengaruh Beban Kerja dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Turnover Intention Guru dan Karyawan pada Unit Sekolah di Yayasan Masjid Al Ikhlas. EKOMA : Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Akuntansi, 4(1), 262–277. https://doi.org/10.56799/ekoma.v4i1.5563

Devadze, A., Gechbaia, B., & Gvarishvili, N. (2022). Education of the future: An analysis of definitions (literary review). Futurity Education, 4–12. https://doi.org/10.57125/FED/2022.10.11.19

Efendi, F., Sunaryo, H., & Harijanto, D. (2023). Efektivitas Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah melalui Komitmen Kerja terhadap Kinerja Guru Merdeka Belajar. Jurnal Akuntabilitas Manajemen Pendidikan. 11(2), 19-32.

Elfitasari, N., & Mulyana, O. P. (2020). Hubungan antara Persepsi terhadap Beban Kerja dengan Work Engagement pada Karyawan. Character: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi. 7(1), 1-7.

Fajriyanti, Y., Rahmah, A. H., & Hadiyanti, S. U. E. (2023). Analisis Motivasi Kerja Generasi Z Yang Dipengaruhi Oleh Lingkungan Kerja dan Komitmen Kerja. 4(1), 107-115.

Faustine, D. & Zamralita. (2024). Work Engagement sebagai Mediator Peran Workplace Well-being terhadap Performance pada Karyawan. Psyche 165 Journal, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.35134/jpsy165.v17i1.310

Febriansyah, H., & Ginting, H. (2020). Tujuh dimensi employee engagement Prenanda.

Hasibuan, H. (2016). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia (Revisi). Bumi Aksara.

Hisbullah, A. A., & Izzati, U. A. (2021). Hubungan Antara Optimisme Dengan Work Engagement Pada Guru. Character: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi , 8(5), 1-14.

Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological Conditions Of Personal Engagement And Disengagement At Work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692–724. https://doi.org/10.2307/256287

Kristiana, I. F., Fajrianthi, F., & Purwono, U. (2019). Analisis Rasch Dalam Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-9 (Uwes-9) Versi Bahasa Indonesia. Jurnal Psikologi, 17(2), 204. https://doi.org/10.14710/jp.17.2.204-217

Lailla, N., Tarmizi, M. I., Hananto, D., & Gunawan, A. (2024). Determinan Work Engagement dan Proactive Personality Terhadap Innovation Work Behaviour pada Karyawan Generasi Milenial di Jakarta. Ekonomis: Journal of Economics and Business, 8(1), 527. https://doi.org/10.33087/ekonomis.v8i1.1554

Lie, D., Saraswati, K. D. H., & Lie, D. S. (2023). Work Engagement Influences Affective Commitment: Psychological Capital and Perceived Organisation Support As Moderators. Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business, 38(2). https://doi.org/10.22146/jieb.v38i2.6821

Lin, Q., Liu, L., Wu, J., Fu, M., Chen, P., Sun, K., Zhang, W., Niu, Y., Zhao, J., Chen, K., Li, L., & Jiang, M. (2025). The mediating effect of work engagement on the relationship between professional calling and turnover intention among Chinese nurses: A cross-sectional study. BMC Nursing, 24(1), 429. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03087-9

Ma, G., Zhu, X., Ma, B., & Lassleben, H. (2024). Employee Proactive Personality and Career Growth: The Role of Proactive Behavior and Leader Proactive Personality. Behavioral Sciences, 14(3), 256. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14030256

Macey, W. H., & Schneider, B. (2008). The Meaning of Employee Engagement. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1(1), 3–30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-9434.2007.0002.x

Mahardika, M. D., & Kistyanto, A. (2020). Pengaruh kepribadian proaktif terhadap kesuksesan karir melalui adaptabilitas karir.

Maryani, Nurhadi, & Adnan, M. A. B. (2022). Implementation Of Job Commitment And Job Motivation Toward Optimization Of Job Satisfaction Through Employee Performance. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 20(2). https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2022.020.02.04

Mazzetti, G., Robledo, E., Vignoli, M., Topa, G., Guglielmi, D., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2021). Work Engagement: A Meta-Analysis Using the Job Demands-Resource Model. Psychological Reports, 126(3), 1069-1107. https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941211051988.

Mustaghfiroh, M., Ariyanti, N. S., Adha, M. A., & Sultoni, S. (2020). Upaya Peningkatan Komitmen Kerja Guru Bidang Studi (Studi Kasus di SMK Riyadlul Quran Kabupaten Malang). Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen Pendidikan, 5(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.26740/jdmp.v5n1.p22-28

Merwina, D. H., & Widawati, L. (2019). Studi Deskriptif Mengenai Komitmen Organisasi Pada Guru di Pondok Pesantren Darul Fithrah Kabupaten Bandung. 227-284.

Mowday, R. T., Porter, L. W., & Streers, R. M. (1982). Employee-organization linkages: the psychology of commitment, absenteeism, and turnover. Academic Press.

Pan, B., Song, Z., & Wang, Y. (2021). The Relationship Between Preschool Teachers’ Proactive Personality and Innovative Behavior: The Chain-Mediated Role of Error Management Climate and Self-Efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 734484. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.734484

Puryana, P. P., & Shidiqy, M. W. (2021). Faktor-faktor Pembentuk Komitmen Organisasi. Prosiding FRIMA (Festival Riset Ilmiah Manajemen dan Akuntansi). 4, 559-566.

Rahmania, F., & Islaha, S. (2023). Adaptation of organizational commitment questionnaire in Indonesia. International Journal of Politics and Sociology Research. 11(3), 349-357. https://doi.org/10.35335/ijopsor.v11i3.204

Rahmawati, E. (2024). Pengaruh Kepribadian Proaktif terhadap Perilaku Inovatif, Komitmen Afektif, dan Kesejahteraan Kerja. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 146–157. https://doi.org/10.26740/jim.v12n1.p146-157

Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2016). Perilaku Organisasi. Edisi 16. Jakarta: Salemba Empat.

Rockwood, N. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2020). Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis. The Cambridge Handbook of Research Methods in Clinical Psychology. 396-414. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316995808.

Sari, E. M., & Widodo, A. (2020). Profesionalisme Tenaga Kependidikan dalam Meningkatkan Layanan Akademik Mahasiswa. Jurnal Manajemen dan Pendidikan, 4(1), 52_61

Situmeang, D. M., Hawa, M. M., & Ismail, K. (2021). Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Sdgs 2030 Goals 4 Ensure Inclusive And Equitable Quality Education And Promote Lifelong Learning Opportunities For All “Memastikan kualitas pendidikan yang inklusif dan adil dan mempromosikan kesempatan belajar seumur hidup untuk semua.”". https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.11219.96809

Sujarweni, V. W. (2019). Metodologi Penelitian Bisnis & Ekonomi. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Baru.

Viratasya, A., & Kadiyono, A. L. (2024). Adaptasi Alat Ukur Proactive Personality Scale (PPS) Versi Indonesia pada Karyawan. Psyche 165 Journal, 255–260. https://doi.org/10.35134/jpsy165.v17i3.414

Yulidha, A. E., & Fajrianthi, F. (2024). The Role of Proactive Personality to Explaining the Effect of Perceived Organizational Support and Empowering Leadership on Employee Voice. Psikostudia : Jurnal Psikologi, 13(2), 166. https://doi.org/10.30872/psikostudia.v13i2.13765


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2026 Ifna Ratrika Enggarsari, Olievia Prabandini Mulyana

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License
All publications by the Utan Kayu Publishing [e-ISSN: 2715-4807, p-ISSN: 2715-4785] is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.