The association of family functions in families of children who undergo organ transplantation: the quality of life of the children and their families
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47679/jopp.514982023Keywords:
children, family functions, organ transplantation, parents, quality of lifeAbstract
Aim: Family functioning and quality of life are related. This study was to examine the association of family functioning in families of children/adolescents who had undergone organ transplantation and the quality of life of these children/adolescents and their parents. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study collected research data using the following tools: Child Information Form, Parent Information Form, Pediatric Quality of Life Questionnaire, Parent Quality of Life Assessment Scale, and Family Assessment Device. Results: This study found that the quality of life mean scores of children and parents were low. There was a positive relationship between the general quality of life of children who underwent organ transplantation and their psychosocial quality of life and the quality of life of their parents. This study also found a negative relationship between the psychosocial quality of life of children who had undergone organ transplantation and the subdimensions of roles, affective responsiveness, behavioral control, and general family functioning. Conclusion: This study showed that the quality of life levels of children who have undergone organ transplantation and of their parents may be low and may be associated to each other, which may lead family functioning to be negative.
References
Alonso, E., Limbers, C. A., Neighbors, K., Martz, K., Bucuvalas, J. C., Webb, T., & Varni, J. W. (2010a). Cross-Sectional Analysis of Health-Related Quality of Life in Pediatric Liver Transplant Recipients. The Journal of Pediatrics, 156(2), 270–276.e1. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.08.048
Alonso, E., Neighbors, K., Barton, F. B., McDiarmid, S. V, Dunn, S. P., Mazariegos, G. V, … Bucuvalas, J. C. (2008). Health-related quality of life and family function following pediatric liver transplantation. Liver Transplantation, 14(4), 460–468. http://doi.org/10.1002/lt.21352
Altuğ, N. (2011). Karaciğer Nakilli Çocukların ve Ailelerinin Yaşam Kalitesi/Yaşam Kalitesini Etkileyen Değişkenlerin Belirlenmesi. Eğe Üniversitesi, Hemşirelik Anabilim Dalı.
Basturk, A., Yilmaz, A., Sayar, E., Dinchan, A., Aliosmanoglu, I., Erbis, H., … Artan, R. (2017). Pediatric Liver Transplantation: Our Experiences. The Eurasian Journal of Medicine, 48(3), 209–212. http://doi.org/10.5152/eurasianjmed.2016.0147
Blackman, J. A., Gurka, M. J., Gurka, K. K., & Oliver, M. N. (2011). Emotional, developmental and behavioural co-morbidities of children with chronic health conditions. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 47(10), 742–747. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2011.02044.x
Bucuvalas, J. (2003). Health-related quality of life in pediatric liver transplant recipients: A single-center study. Liver Transplantation, 9(1), 62–71. http://doi.org/10.1053/jlts.2003.50012
Bulut I. (1990). Aile Değerlendirme Ölçeği El Kitabı. Özgüzeliş Matbaası. Ankara.
Çakaloz, B., & Kurul, S. (2005). Duchenne Muskuler Distrofili Çocukların Aile İşlevlerinin ve Annelerinde Depresyon ve Kaygı Düzeylerinin Araştırılması. Klinik Psikiyatri, 8, 24–30.
Coşkun, D., & Çelebioğlu, A. (2013). Fiziksel engelli çocuğu olan ebeveynlerde bakım yükünün ve aile işlevlerinin değerlendirilmesi. Atatürk Üniversitesi.
Cousino, M. K., Rea, K. E., Schumacher, K. R., Magee, J. C., & Fredericks, E. M. (2017). A systematic review of parent and family functioning in pediatric solid organ transplant populations. Pediatric Transplantation, 21(3), e12900. http://doi.org/10.1111/petr.12900
Denny, B., Beyerle, K., Kienhuis, M., Cora, A., Gavidia-Payne, S., & Hardikar, W. (2012). New insights into family functioning and quality of life after pediatric liver transplantation. Pediatric Transplantation, 16(7), 711–715. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3046.2012.01738.x
Durualp, E., Kara, F. N., Yılmaz, V., & Alaybeyoğlu, K. (2010). Kronik Hastalığı Olan ve Olmayan Çocukların ve Ebeveynlerinin Görüşlerine Göre Yaşam Kalitelerinin Karşılaştırılması. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 63(2), 55–63.
Er, M. (2006). Çocuk, hastalık, anne-babalar ve kardeşler. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi, 49, 155–168.
Eser, E., Lağarlı, T., Baydur, H., Akkurt, V., Akkuş, H., Arsland, E., … Vural, O. (2010). EUROHIS (WHOQOL-8. Tr) Türkçe Sürümünün Türk Toplumundaki Psikometrik Özellikleri. Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Dergisi, 8(3), 135–152. http://doi.org/10.5421/tjph.v8i3.19
Evans, I. V. R., Belle, S. H., Wei, Y., Penovich, C., Ruppert, K., & Detre, K. M. (2005). Post-transplantation growth among pediatric recipients of liver transplantation. Pediatric Transplantation, 9(4), 480–485. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3046.2005.00326.x
Fazlıoğlu, K., Hocaoğlu, Ç., & Sönmez, F. M. (2010). Çocukluk Çağı Epilepsisinin Aileye Etkisi. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 2(2), 190–205.
Fırat, E., & Tuncay, T. (2014). 13-16 Yaş tip 1 diyabetli çocukların yaşam kalitesini etkileyen etmenlerin araştırılması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi.
Fredericks, E. M., Lopez, M. J., Magee, J. C., Shieck, V., & Opipari-Arrigan, L. (2007). Psychological Functioning, Nonadherence and Health Outcomes After Pediatric Liver Transplantation. American Journal of Transplantation, 7(8), 1974–1983. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.01878.x
Fujita, A. (2016). Daily lives of pre-adolescents/adolescents and their parents after liver transplant. Japan Journal of Nursing Science, 13(1), 10–19. http://doi.org/10.1111/jjns.12078
Gilmour, S. M., Sorensen, L. G., Anand, R., Yin, W., & Alonso, E. M. (2010). School outcomes in children registered in the studies for pediatric liver transplant (SPLIT) consortium. Liver Transplantation, 16(9), 1041–1048. http://doi.org/10.1002/lt.22120
Haavisto, A., Korkman, M., Sintonen, H., Holmberg, C., Jalanko, H., Lipsanen, J., & Qvist, E. (2013). Risk factors for impaired quality of life and psychosocial adjustment after pediatric heart, kidney, and liver transplantation. Pediatric Transplantation, 17(3), 256–265. http://doi.org/10.1111/petr.12054
He, K., Shen, C., Chen, X., Han, L., Xi, Z., Zhou, T., … Xia, Q. (2015). Health-related quality of life and sleep among Chinese children after living donor liver transplantation. Pediatric Transplantation, 19(5), 547–554. http://doi.org/10.1111/petr.12532
Kacmaz, N., & Barlas, G. U. (2014). The Psychsocial Status Of Liver Transplant Patient And Their Relatives On The Effect Of Quality Of Life. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 5(1), 1–8. http://doi.org/10.5505/phd.2014.98598
Karaman, D., Durukan, İ., & Kara, K. (2012). Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu Olan Çocukların Aile İşlevleri ile Annelerinin Depresyon ve Anksiyete Belirti Düzeyleri. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin2, 11(6), 741–748.
Karayurt, Ö., Ordin, S., Ünek, T., & Astarcıoğlu, İ. (2015). No Title. Experimental and Clinical Transplantation, 13(3), 247–255. http://doi.org/10.6002/ect.2014.0150
Kikuchi, R., & Kamibeppu, K. (2015). Parents’ Quality of Life and Family Functioning in Pediatric Organ Transplantation. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 30(3), 463–477. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2014.12.013
Kikuchi, R., Ono, M., Kinugawa, K., Endo, M., Mizuta, K., Urahashi, T., … Kamibeppu, K. (2015). Health-related quality of life in parents of pediatric solid organ transplant recipients in Japan. Pediatric Transplantation, 19(3), 332–341. http://doi.org/10.1111/petr.12435
Limbers, C. A., Neighbors, K., Martz, K., Bucuvalas, J. C., Webb, T., Varni, J. W., & Alonso, E. M. (2011). Health-related quality of life in pediatric liver transplant recipients compared with other chronic disease groups. Pediatric Transplantation, 15(3), 245–253. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3046.2010.01453.x
Memik, N. Ç., Ağaoğlu, B., Coşkun, A., & Karakay, I. (2008). Çocuklar için yaşam kalitesi ölçeğinin 8–12 yaş çocuk formunun geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi, 15, 87–98.
Memik, N. Ç., Ağaoğlu, B., Coşkun, A., Üneri, Ö. Ş., & Karakaya, I. (2007). Çocuklar İçin Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeğinin 13-18 Yaş Ergen Formunun Geçerlik ve Güvenilirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 18(4), 353–363.
Mishra, K., Ramachandran, S., Firdaus, S., & Rath, B. (2015). The impact of pediatric nephrotic syndrome on parents′ health-related quality of life and family functioning: An assessment made by the PedsQL 4.0 family impact module. Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation, 26(2), 285. http://doi.org/10.4103/1319-2442.152420
Ng, V., Alonso, E. M., Bucuvalas, J. C., Cohen, G., Limbers, C. A., Varni, J. W., … Anand, R. (2012). Health Status of Children Alive 10 Years after Pediatric Liver Transplantation Performed in the US and Canada: Report of the Studies of Pediatric Liver Transplantation Experience. The Journal of Pediatrics, 160(5), 820–826.e3. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.10.038
Ng, V., & Otley, A. R. (2008). Understanding quality of life for children after liver transplantation: A work in progress. Liver Transplantation, 14(4), 415–417. http://doi.org/10.1002/lt.21430
Ngo, K. D., Farmer, D. G., McDiarmid, S. V., Artavia, K., Ament, M. E., Vargas, J., … Venick, R. S. (2011). Pediatric health-related quality of life after intestinal transplantation. Pediatric Transplantation, 15(8), 849–854. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3046.2011.01590.x
Özdemir, Ü., & Taşcı, S. (2013). Kronik hastalıklarda psikososyal sorunlar ve bakım. Erciyes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(1), 57–72.
Özşaker, E. (2014). Transplantation and Quality of Life. Balıkesır Health Sciences Journal, 3(3), 166–173. http://doi.org/10.5505/bsbd.2014.98598
Posfay-Barbe, K. M., Barbe, R. P., Wetterwald, R., Belli, D. C., & McLin, V. A. (2013). Parental functioning improves the developmental quotient of pediatric liver transplant recipients. Pediatric Transplantation, 17(4), 355–361. http://doi.org/10.1111/petr.12080
Rosenow, S. C., & Silverman, M. J. (2014). Effects of single session music therapy on hospitalized patients recovering from a bone marrow transplant: Two studies. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 41(1), 65–70. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2013.11.003
Sanchez, C., Eymann, A., De Cunto, C., & D’Agostino, D. (2010). Quality of life in pediatric liver transplantation in a single-center in South America. Pediatric Transplantation, 14(3), 332–336. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3046.2009.01225.x
Schulz, K.-H., Hofmann, C., Sander, K., Edsen, S., Burdelski, M., & Rogiers, X. (2001). Comparison of quality of life and family stress in families of children with living-related liver transplants versus families of children who received a cadaveric liver. Transplantation Proceedings, 33(1–2), 1496–1497. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0041-1345(00)02567-7
Taylor, R. M., Franck, L. S., Gibson, F., Donaldson, N., & Dhawan, A. (2009). Study of the Factors Affecting Health-Related Quality of Life in Adolescents After Liver Transplantation. American Journal of Transplantation, 9(5), 1179–1188. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02604.x
Tütüncüoğlu, C., & Balkan, İ. K. (2013). Diyabetli Çocuğu Olan Annelerin Aile İşlevlerinin ve Durumluk - Sürekli Kaygı Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi. Psikoloji Çalışmaları / Studies in Psychology, 3(1), 17–39.
Üneri, Ö. Ş., Turgut, S., Öner, P., Bodur, Ş., & Rezaki, B. (2010). Dikkat eksikliği hiperakvite bozukluğu olan 8-12 yaş grubu çocuklarda yaşam kalitesi değerlendirilmesi. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi2, 17(1), 27–31.
Varni, J. W., Seid, M., & Kurtin, P. S. (2001). PedsQLTM 4.0: Reliability and Validity of the Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryTM Version4.0 Generic Core Scales in Healthy and Patient Populations. Medical Care, 39(8), 800–812.
Varni, J. W., Seid, M., & Rode, C. A. (1999). The PedsQLTM: Measurement Model for the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. Medical Care, 37(2), 126–139.
Zhang, W. X., Wei, H., Shen, Z., Peng, X., Chen, X. G., Li, W., … Niu, Y. J. (2014). Concerns Of And Coping Strategies By Parents Of Pediatric Liver Transplant Recipients: A Qualitative Study From China. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 7(12), 5723–5729
Downloads
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright Policy
Journal of Psychological Perspective (JOPP) is committed to promoting academic freedom and open access. To that end, we apply a copyright policy that empowers authors while ensuring the broad dissemination and responsible reuse of published work.
- Authors retain the full copyright of their published manuscripts.
- By publishing in JOPP, authors grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0).
- This license permits others to:
- Share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format),
- Adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially),
- As long as appropriate credit is given, a link to the license is provided, and derivative works are distributed under the same license.
- Authors may:
- Deposit and share the published version of their work in institutional repositories or personal websites.
- Enter into separate, non-exclusive distribution agreements, provided that original publication in JOPP is properly cited.
Licensing and Copyright for Data Publication
To promote transparency, reproducibility, and ethical integrity in research, Journal of Psychological Perspective adopts the following policies regarding the publication of research data:
- Copyright Ownership: Authors retain copyright over the datasets they submit or make available in connection with their articles.
- Default License: All data associated with a published manuscript must be shared under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0), unless otherwise agreed upon with the editor.
- Permitted Use: This license allows others to use, modify, and distribute the dataset (including for commercial purposes), provided that attribution is given to the original authors and that derivative works are shared under the same terms.
- Repository: Authors are strongly encouraged to deposit copies of their accepted manuscripts in institutional repositories or subject-specific archives. (e.g., OSF, Zenodo, Figshare) and include citations and links to the datasets in the article.
- Ethical and Legal Responsibility: Authors must ensure:
- The data shared do not breach confidentiality, privacy, or legal agreements.
- Informed consent has been obtained where necessary.
- Data have been properly anonymized where applicable.
- Alternate Licenses: In exceptional cases, alternative data licenses (e.g., CC0, Open Data Commons) may be considered upon editorial approval. A written justification must be submitted and published alongside the article.
- Corrections or Retractions: If issues related to published data arise (e.g., ethical breaches, significant errors), JOPP reserves the right to take corrective action in accordance with the COPE Retraction Guidelines. Please read our policy about retraction of articles

Submit Online


